a/ 2x = 5y và x - 2y = -12

Ta có: 2x = 5y => \(\frac{x}{5}=\frac{y}{2}\)

Áp dụng: tính chất dãy tỉ số bằng nhau ta có:

\(\frac{x}{5}=\frac{y}{2}=\frac{x-y}{5+2}=\frac{x-2y}{5+2.2}=\frac{-12}{9}=-\frac{4}{3}\)

\(\frac{x}{5}=-\frac{4}{3}\Rightarrow x=\frac{-4}{3}.5=-\frac{20}{3}\)

\(\frac{y}{2}=-\frac{4}{3}\Rightarrow y=-\frac{4}{3}.2=-\frac{8}{3}\)

Vậy:.................

b/ 2x = 3y = 4z và x + y + z =21

Ta có: 2x = 3y = 4z

=> \(\frac{2x}{12}=\frac{3y}{12}=\frac{4z}{12}\)

=> \(\frac{x}{6}=\frac{y}{4}=\frac{z}{3}\)

Áp dụng: tính chất dãy tỉ số bằng nhau ta có:

\(\frac{x}{6}=\frac{y}{4}=\frac{z}{3}=\frac{x+y+z}{6+4+3}=\frac{21}{13}\)

\(\frac{x}{6}=\frac{21}{13}\Rightarrow x=\frac{21}{13}.6=\frac{126}{13}\)

\(\frac{y}{4}=\frac{21}{13}\Rightarrow y=\frac{21}{13}.4=\frac{84}{13}\)

\(\frac{z}{3}=\frac{21}{13}\Rightarrow z=\frac{21}{13}.3=\frac{63}{13}\)

Vậy:...............

c/Áp dụng: tính chất dãy tỉ số bằng nhau ta có:

\(\frac{x}{3}=\frac{y}{5}=\frac{x+y}{3+5}=\frac{32}{8}=4\)

\(\frac{x}{3}=4\Rightarrow x=4.3=12\)

\(\frac{y}{5}=4\Rightarrow y=4.5=20\)

Vậy:................

d/ Ta có: 7x = 3y

=> \(\frac{7x}{21}=\frac{3y}{21}\)

=> \(\frac{x}{3}=\frac{y}{7}\)

Áp dụng: tính chất dãy tỉ số bằng nhau ta có:

\(\frac{x}{3}=\frac{y}{7}=\frac{x-y}{3-7}=\frac{16}{-4}=-4\)

\(\frac{x}{4}=-4\Rightarrow x=\left(-4\right).4=-16\)

\(\frac{y}{7}=-4\Rightarrow y=\left(-4\right).7=-28\)

Vậy:................

1,\(2x=5y\Leftrightarrow\frac{x}{5}=\frac{y}{2}\Rightarrow\frac{x}{5}=\frac{2y}{4}\)

Áp dụng tính chất dãy tỉ số bằng nhau ta có :

\(\frac{x}{5}=\frac{2y}{4}=\frac{x-2y}{5-4}=\frac{-12}{1}=-12\)

Do đó:

\(\frac{x}{5}=-12\Rightarrow x=-60\)

\(\frac{2y}{4}=-12\Leftrightarrow\frac{y}{2}=-12\Rightarrow x=-24\)

Vây x = -60,y = -24

2, 2x = 3y = 4z \(\Rightarrow BCNN\left(2;3;4\right)=12\)

nên \(\frac{2x}{12}=\frac{3y}{12}=\frac{4z}{12}\Rightarrow\frac{x}{6}=\frac{y}{4}=\frac{z}{3}\)

Áp dụng tính chất dãy tỉ số bằng nhau ta có :

\(\frac{x}{6}=\frac{y}{4}=\frac{z}{3}=\frac{x+y+z}{6+4+3}=\frac{21}{13}\)

Do đó

\(\frac{x}{6}=\frac{21}{13}\Rightarrow x=\frac{6.21}{13}=\frac{126}{13}\)

\(\frac{y}{4}=\frac{21}{13}\Rightarrow y=\frac{4.21}{13}=\frac{84}{13}\)

\(\frac{z}{3}=\frac{21}{13}\Rightarrow z=\frac{3.21}{13}=\frac{63}{13}\)

f/ \(\frac{x}{3}=\frac{y}{5};\frac{y}{2}=\frac{z}{7}\)

=> \(\frac{x}{6}=\frac{y}{10};\frac{y}{10}=\frac{z}{35}\)

=> \(\frac{x}{6}=\frac{y}{10}=\frac{z}{35}\)

Áp dụng tính chất dãy tỉ số bằng nhau, ta có:

\(\frac{x}{6}=\frac{y}{10}=\frac{z}{35}=\frac{x+y+z}{6+10+35}=\frac{102}{51}=2\)

\(\frac{x}{6}=2\Rightarrow x=2.6=12\)

\(\frac{y}{10}=2\Rightarrow y=2.10=20\)

\(\frac{z}{35}=2\Rightarrow z=2.35=70\)

Vậy:.................

h/ Đăt: \(\frac{x}{3}=\frac{y}{16}=k\)

\(\frac{x}{3}=k\Rightarrow x=3k\)

\(\frac{y}{16}=k\Rightarrow y=16k\)

Ta có: x. y = 192

=> 3k. 16k = 192

=> k². (3. 16) = 192

=> k². 48 = 192

=> k² = 192 : 48 = 4

=> k = \(\pm\) 2

*Với k = 2

\(\frac{x}{3}=k\Rightarrow x=3.k=3.2=6\)

\(\frac{y}{16}=k\Rightarrow y=16.k=16.2=32\)

*Với k = -2

\(\frac{x}{3}=k\Rightarrow x=3.k=3.\left(-2\right)=-6\)

\(\frac{y}{16}=k\Rightarrow y=16.k=16.\left(-2\right)=-32\)

Vậy:..........

\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{4}{9}x^2=\frac{9}{16}y^2=\frac{25}{36}z^2\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{900}{2025}x^2=\frac{900}{1600}y^2=\frac{900}{1296}z^2\)

Áp dụng t/c dãy tỉ số bằng nhau ta được:\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{900}{2025}x^2=\frac{900}{1600}y^2=\frac{900}{1296}z^2=\frac{900.\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)}{2025+1600+1296}=\frac{900.724}{4921}\)

=> x ~ 17,26; y ~ 15,34; z ~ 13,81.

Lời giải:

Đặt $\frac{2}{3}x=\frac{3}{4}y=\frac{5}{6}z=t$

$\Rightarrow x=\frac{3}{2}t; y=\frac{4}{3}t; z=\frac{6}{5}t$

Khi đó:

$x^2+y^2+z^2=724$

$\Leftrightarrow (\frac{3}{2}t)^2+(\frac{4}{3}t)^2+(\frac{6}{5}t)^2=724$

$\Leftrightarrow \frac{4921}{900}t^2=724\Rightarrow t^2=\frac{724.900}{4921}$

$\Rightarrow t=\pm 30\sqrt{\frac{724}{4921}}$

$\Rightarrow (x,y,z)=(\pm 45\sqrt{\frac{724}{4921}}, \pm 40\sqrt{\frac{724}{4921}}, \pm 36\sqrt{\frac{724}{4921}}\right)$

\(\frac{2}{3}x=\frac{3}{4}y=\frac{5}{6}z\)

=> \(\frac{2}{3}x.\frac{1}{30}=\frac{3}{4}y.\frac{1}{30}=\frac{5}{6}z.\frac{1}{30}\)

=> \(\frac{x}{45}=\frac{y}{40}=\frac{z}{36}\)

\(\Rightarrow\frac{x^2}{2025}=\frac{y^2}{1600}=\frac{z^2}{1296}\)

Đến đây bạn tự làm tiếp

\(\frac{2x}{3}=\frac{3y}{4}=\frac{5z}{6}< =>\frac{2x}{90}=\frac{3y}{120}=\frac{5z}{180}< =>\frac{x}{45}=\frac{y}{40}=\frac{z}{36}\)

\(< =>\frac{x^2}{2025}=\frac{y^2}{1600}=\frac{z^2}{1296}\)

Theo tính chất của dãy tỉ số bằng nhau thì 

\(\frac{x^2}{2025}=\frac{y^2}{1600}=\frac{z^2}{1296}=\frac{x^2+y^2+z^2}{2025+1600+1296}=\frac{724}{4921}\)

\(< =>\hept{\begin{cases}4921x^2=724.2025=1466100\\4921y^2=724.1600=1158400\\4921z=724.1296=938304\end{cases}}\)

\(< =>\hept{\begin{cases}x\approx\pm17\\y\approx\pm15\\z\approx\pm14\end{cases}}\)

Ta co \(\frac{1}{2}x=\frac{x}{2};\frac{2}{3}y=\frac{2y}{3};\frac{3}{4}z=\frac{3z}{4}\)

Va x-y=15\(\Rightarrow x=15+y\)

\(\Rightarrow\frac{15+x}{2}=\frac{2y}{3}\)\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(3\times\left(15+y\right)=2\times2y\)

\(\Rightarrow\)45+3y=4y

\(\Rightarrow\)45=4y-3y

\(\Rightarrow\)y=45

\(\Rightarrow\frac{x}{2}=\frac{90}{3}\)

\(\Rightarrow3x=180\)

\(\Rightarrow y=180:3=60\)

\(\Rightarrow\frac{3z}{4}=\frac{60}{2}\)

\(\Rightarrow6z=240\Rightarrow z=240:6=40\)

a) Ta có : \(\frac{2}{3}x=\frac{3}{4}y=\frac{5}{6}z\)=> \(\frac{2x}{3}=\frac{3y}{4}=\frac{5z}{6}\)=> \(\frac{x}{\frac{3}{2}}=\frac{y}{\frac{4}{3}}=\frac{z}{\frac{6}{5}}\)

=> \(\frac{x^2}{\frac{9}{4}}=\frac{y^2}{\frac{16}{9}}=\frac{z^2}{\frac{36}{25}}\)

Đặt \(\frac{x^2}{\frac{9}{4}}=\frac{y^2}{\frac{16}{9}}=\frac{z^2}{\frac{36}{25}}=k\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x^2=\frac{9}{4}k\\y^2=\frac{16}{9}k\\z^2=\frac{36}{25}k\end{cases}}\)

=> \(x^2+y^2+z^2=\frac{9}{4}k+\frac{16}{9}k+\frac{36}{25}k\)

=> \(\frac{4921}{900}k=724\)

=> \(k=724:\frac{4921}{900}=\frac{651600}{4921}\)

Do đó : \(\hept{\begin{cases}x^2=\frac{9}{4}\cdot\frac{651600}{4921}\\y^2=\frac{16}{9}\cdot\frac{651600}{4921}\\z^2=\frac{36}{25}\cdot\frac{651600}{4921}\end{cases}}\)

Bài toán đây có sai sót j không vậy?Thấy số dữ quá đi :v

b) Ta có : \(\frac{x-1}{2}=\frac{y+2}{3}=\frac{z-3}{4}\)

=> \(\frac{x-1}{2}=\frac{2y+4}{6}=\frac{3z-9}{12}\)

Áp dụng tính chất dãy tỉ số bằng nhau ta có :

\(\frac{x-1}{2}=\frac{2y+4}{6}=\frac{3z-9}{12}=\frac{x-1-2y+4+3z-9}{2-6+12}=\frac{x-2y+3z-6}{8}=\frac{46-6}{8}=\frac{40}{8}=5\)

=> \(\hept{\begin{cases}\frac{x-1}{2}=5\\\frac{y+2}{3}=5\\\frac{z-3}{4}=5\end{cases}}\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=11\\y=13\\z=23\end{cases}}\)

c) Đặt \(\frac{x}{3}=\frac{y}{16}=k\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=3k\\y=16k\end{cases}}\)

=> xy = 16k . 3k

=> 48k² = 192

=> k² = 4

=> k = 2 hoặc k = -2

Do đó \(\left(x,y\right)\in\left\{\left(6,32\right);\left(-6,-32\right)\right\}\)

Bài 2 : a) \(\frac{4^2\cdot25^2+16\cdot125}{2^3\cdot5^2}\)

\(=\frac{\left(2^2\right)^2\cdot\left(5^2\right)^2+16\cdot125}{2^3\cdot5^2}\)

\(=\frac{2^4\cdot5^4+2^4\cdot5^3}{2^3\cdot5^2}\)

\(=\frac{2\cdot2^3\left(5^4+5^3\right)}{2^3\cdot5^2}\)

\(=\frac{2\cdot5^3\left(5+1\right)}{5^2}=\frac{2\cdot5\cdot5^2\cdot6}{5^2}=2\cdot5\cdot6=60\)

b) \(\frac{6^8\cdot2^4-4^5\cdot18^4}{27^3\cdot8^4-3^9\cdot2^{13}}\)

\(=\frac{\left(2\cdot3\right)^8\cdot2^4-\left(2^2\right)^5\cdot\left(2\cdot3^2\right)^4}{\left(3^3\right)^3\cdot\left(2^3\right)^4-3^9\cdot2^{13}}\)

\(=\frac{2^8\cdot3^8\cdot2^4-2^{10}\cdot2^4\cdot3^8}{3^9\cdot2^{12}-3^9\cdot2^{13}}\)

\(=\frac{2^{12}\cdot3^8-2^{14}\cdot3^8}{3^9\left(2^{12}-2^{13}\right)}\)

\(=\frac{3^8\left(2^{12}-2^{14}\right)}{3^9\left(2^{12}-2^{13}\right)}=\frac{3^8\left(2^{12}-2^{14}\right)}{3^8\left(2^{12}-2^{13}\right)\cdot3}=1\)

a, \(\frac{x}{3}=\frac{y}{4};\frac{y}{3}=\frac{z}{5}\Rightarrow\frac{x}{9}=\frac{y}{12}=\frac{z}{20}\)

Theo tính chất dãy tỉ số bằng nhau 

\(\frac{x}{9}=\frac{y}{12}=\frac{z}{20}=\frac{2x-3y+z}{18-36+20}=\frac{6}{2}=3\Rightarrow x=27;y=36;z=60\)

b, \(\frac{2x}{3}=\frac{3y}{4}=\frac{4z}{5}\Rightarrow\frac{x}{\frac{3}{2}}=\frac{y}{\frac{4}{3}}=\frac{z}{\frac{5}{4}}\)

Theo tính chất dãy tỉ số bằng nhau 

\(\frac{x}{\frac{3}{2}}=\frac{y}{\frac{4}{3}}=\frac{z}{\frac{5}{4}}=\frac{x+y+z}{\frac{3}{2}+\frac{4}{3}+\frac{5}{4}}=\frac{49}{\frac{49}{12}}=12\)

\(\Rightarrow x=18;y=24;z=30\)

c, \(\frac{x-1}{2}=\frac{y-2}{3}=\frac{z-4}{4}\Rightarrow\frac{2x-2}{4}=\frac{3y-6}{9}=\frac{z-4}{4}\)

Theo tính chất dãy tỉ số bằng nhau 

\(\frac{2x-2}{4}=\frac{3y-6}{9}=\frac{z-4}{4}=\frac{2x+3y-z-2-6+4}{4+9-4}=\frac{46}{9}\)

\(\Rightarrow x=\frac{101}{9};y=\frac{52}{3};z=\frac{220}{9}\)

d, Đặt \(x=2k;y=3k;z=5k\Rightarrow xyz=810\Rightarrow30k^3=810\)

\(\Leftrightarrow k^3=27\Leftrightarrow k=3\)Với k = 3 thì \(x=6;y=9;z=15\)

Chúc bạn học tốt!

Lời giải:

a, Ta có: \(\frac{x}{10}=\frac{y}{6}=\frac{z}{21}\Rightarrow\frac{5x}{50}=\frac{y}{6}=\frac{2z}{42}\). Mà theo đề bài: 5x + y - 2z = 28

=> Áp dụng tính chất dãy tỉ số bằng nhau, ta có:

\(\frac{5x}{50}=\frac{y}{6}=\frac{2z}{42}=\frac{5x+y-2z}{50+6-42}=\frac{28}{14}=2\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\frac{5x}{50}=\frac{x}{10}=2\Leftrightarrow x=20\\\frac{y}{6}=2\Leftrightarrow y=12\\\frac{2z}{42}=\frac{z}{21}=2\Leftrightarrow z=42\end{matrix}\right.\)(TMĐK)

Vậy: \(x=20;y=12;z=42\)

b, Ta có: \(\frac{x}{3}=\frac{y}{4}\Rightarrow\frac{x}{15}=\frac{y}{20}\) ; \(\frac{y}{5}=\frac{z}{7}\Rightarrow\frac{y}{20}=\frac{z}{28}\)

\(\Rightarrow\frac{x}{15}=\frac{y}{20}=\frac{z}{28}\Rightarrow\frac{2x}{30}=\frac{3y}{60}=\frac{z}{28}\). Mà theo đề bài: 2x+3y - z = 124

=> Áp dụng tính chất dãy tỉ số bằng nhau, ta có:

\(\frac{2x}{30}=\frac{3y}{60}=\frac{z}{28}=\frac{2x+3y-z}{30+60-28}=\frac{124}{62}=2\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\frac{2x}{30}=\frac{x}{15}=2\Leftrightarrow x=30\\\frac{3y}{60}=\frac{y}{20}=2\Leftrightarrow y=40\\\frac{z}{28}=2\Leftrightarrow z=56\end{matrix}\right.\)(TMĐK)

Vây:\(x=30;y=40;z=56\)

c, Ta có: \(\frac{x}{2}=\frac{y}{3}\Rightarrow\frac{x.x}{2}=\frac{x.y}{3}\). Mà x.y = 54

\(\Rightarrow\frac{x.x}{2}=\frac{x.y}{3}=\frac{54}{3}=18\)

\(\Rightarrow\frac{x^2}{2}=18\Rightarrow x^2=36\Rightarrow x\in\left\{6;-6\right\}\)

Nếu \(x=6\Rightarrow\frac{6.y}{3}=18\Rightarrow6.y=54\Rightarrow y=9\)

Nếu \(x=-6\Rightarrow\frac{-6.y}{3}=18\Rightarrow-6.y=54\Rightarrow y=-9\)

Vậy: \(\left(x;y\right)\in\left\{\left(6;9\right),\left(-6;-9\right)\right\}\)

d, Ta có: \(\frac{2x}{3}=\frac{3y}{4}=\frac{4z}{5}\Rightarrow\frac{12x}{18}=\frac{12y}{16}=\frac{12z}{15}\). Mà theo đề bài, ta có: x + y + z = 49

=> Áp dụng tính chất dãy tỉ số bằng nhau, ta có:

\(\frac{12x}{18}=\frac{12y}{16}=\frac{12z}{15}=\frac{12.\left(x+y+z\right)}{18+16+15}=\frac{12.49}{49}=12\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\frac{12x}{18}=\frac{2x}{3}=12\Rightarrow x=18\\\frac{12y}{16}=\frac{3y}{4}=12\Rightarrow y=16\\\frac{12z}{15}=\frac{4z}{5}=12\Rightarrow z=15\end{matrix}\right.\)(TMĐK)

Vậy:\(x=18;y=16;z=15\)

e, Ta có: \(\frac{x}{5}=\frac{y}{3}\Rightarrow\frac{x^2}{5^2}=\frac{y^2}{3^2}\Rightarrow\frac{x^2}{25}=\frac{y^2}{9}\).Mà theo đề bài, ta có: x² - y² = 4

=> Áp dụng tính chất dãy tỉ số bằng nhau, ta có:

\(\frac{x^2}{25}=\frac{y^2}{9}=\frac{x^2-y^2}{25-9}=\frac{4}{16}=\frac{1}{4}\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\frac{x^2}{25}=\frac{1}{4}\Rightarrow x^2=\frac{25}{4}\Rightarrow x\in\left\{\frac{5}{2};-\frac{5}{2}\right\}\\\frac{y^2}{9}=\frac{1}{4}\Rightarrow x^2=\frac{9}{4}\Rightarrow x\in\left\{\frac{3}{2};-\frac{3}{2}\right\}\end{matrix}\right.\)(TMĐK)

Vậy:..................................

Bài 1: \(\frac{x}{3}=\frac{y}{4}\Rightarrow\frac{x}{9}=\frac{y}{12};\frac{y}{3}=\frac{z}{5}\Rightarrow\frac{y}{12}=\frac{z}{20}\)

=>\(\frac{x}{9}=\frac{y}{12}=\frac{z}{20}=\frac{2z}{18}=\frac{3y}{36}\)

Áp dụng tính chất của dãy tỉ số bằng nhau: \(\frac{x}{9}=\frac{y}{12}=\frac{z}{20}=\frac{2z}{18}=\frac{3y}{36}=\frac{2x-3y+z}{18-36+20}=\frac{6}{2}=3\)

=>x=27;z=36;z=60

Bài 2: \(\frac{x}{2}=\frac{y}{5}=k\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=2k\\y=5k\end{cases}}\Rightarrow xy=2k.5k=10k^2=40\Rightarrow k^2=4\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}k=-2\\k=2\end{cases}}\)

+)k=-2 => x=-4;y=-5

+)k=2 => x=4;y=5

Vậy x=-4;y=-5 hoặc x=4;y=5